MEDUSA
Real Name: Medusa
Identity/Class: Olympian goddess
Post-Hyborian era;
11th through 17th Centuries;
World War I
era; Post-World
War II era
Occupation: Recluse, former priestess of Athena, photographer
Group Membership: The Gorgons (Stheno and Euryale), former member of the Olympian gods
Affiliations: Achelous, Deadpool ("Wade Wilson"), Eurystheus, the Hand, Minotaur, Nemean Lion, Shiklah, Matsuo Tsurayaba;
formerly Athena, Neptune
Enemies: Argonauts
Athena, Hercules, Kraken (Cetus), Perseus, Wolverine (James "Logan" Howlett);
formerly Shiklah
Known Relatives: Phorcys (father), Ceto (mother),
Echidna, Euryale, Graeae (Deinos, Enyo, Pephredo, sisters), Scylla, Sirens, Stheno, Thoosa (sisters),
Typhon (brother-in-law), Amphisbaena (offspring),
Chrysaor, Pegasus (sons), Medusa (daughter),
Callirhoe (daughter-in-law),
Geryon (grandson, deceased),
Cerberus, Hydra, Ladon, Nemean Lion, Orthus (nephews),
Chimaera, Phaea, Maralith, Sphinx (nieces),
Damballah, Dragon of the Moon, Sligguth, Yamato-no-Orichi (paternal uncles), Ishiti, Tartessus (paternal aunts),
Argus, Briareus, Brontes, Cottus, Cronus, Crius, Coeus, Gyges, Hyperion, Japet, Nereus, Oceanus, Ophion, Steropes, Typhon (maternal uncles),
Dione, Furies, Mnemosyne, Phoebe, Rhea, Theia, Themis, Tethys (maternal aunts),
Set (paternal grandfather),
Gaea (maternal grandmother), Pontus (maternal grandfather), Chthon, Hyppus (great-uncles), Issus, Oshtur (great-aunts), Demiurge (great-grandfather), many other distant relatives;
Delphyne Gorgon (distant descendants)
Aliases: May Dusa
Base of Operations: Monster Metropolis;
formerly a curio shop
formerly a castle dungeon in Europe;
formerly unnamed city in the 1920's;
formerly Ancient Libya (now part of modern Morocco), 14th century
BC;
possibly Medusa-Land
First Appearance: Adventures Into Terror#15 (January, 1953)
Powers/Abilities: Medusa possessed the conventional
attributes of a deteriorated Olympian goddess. Stripped of much of her power,
divine enchantments and godhood, she is nowhere near as powerful as when
she was a full-pledged goddess. Her primary power left behind from her godhood
was her ability to alter the appearance of other things, but only now confined
to her gaze. One look from her can turn any living thing, including their
clothing and weapons to stone. However, some individuals such as Hercules
have been able to avoid being turned into stone merely by closing their eyes
so perhaps there is a mystical connection connected through a quasi-mental
link with her victims. It has been suggested, though, that by killing Medusa,
this petrifying process can be undone even on victims of exceptional years
old.
--I thought you had to see Medusa to turn to stone--Snood.
There are some references that Medusa even before her curse might have been some sort of capable archer with a bow and arrow.
Physical Appearance: As goddesses, the Gorgons were supposedly revered as the most beautiful of the Olympian gods, originally possessing wings of gold as gods. Medusa and her sisters, however, were transformed into hideous hags with snakes for hair and wings of bronze. In additional to these mystical mutations, they attained brazen hands and long tongues, which lolled from their mouths between tusks like those of swine.
History: (Greek-Roman Myth) - Medusa is one of the
Gorgons, daughters of the ancient sea-gods, Phorcys and Ceto, who were overthrown
when the Olympian God Zeus conquered Olympus and overthrew the Titans. The
Gorgons became attendants and priestesses of Athena, the goddess of wisdom,
afterward and she took vows from them that they would remain virgins to honor
her. It was a difficult promise for Medusa and her sisters to keep. All three
of them were courted by the sea-god Poseidon. Euryale bore the giant Orion
to Poseidon and Medusa bore him another son, the giant Chrysaor.
(Incredible Hercules#128 (fb)/Herc#8 (fb)/Greek-Roman Myth) - When
Athena realized that Medusa Gorgon had been having sexual relations within one
of her temples, she stripped all three Gorgon sisters of their beauty and converted
them to hideous hags with snakes for hair. They fled to earth in the region
of Ancient Libya to live in isolation away from the eyes of mortals and immortals
and transformed all who were foolish enough to find them into stone statues. All their descendants had to live with the same curse.
(Greek-Roman Myth) - In the Fourteenth Century BC, King Polydectes
of Seriphos sent Perseus on a search for Medusa to kill her and return with
her head as proof. In the young heir’s absence, Polydectes hoped to marry
his mother, Danae, and through her gain control of Argos. Athena meanwhile
guided Perseus in his adventure and had the Graiae provide him with several
weapons required in confronting Medusa. Although he had to ransom the sacred
eye of the Graiae to attain their cooperation, Perseus was eventually armed
with winged sandals, a cap that made him invisible, a pouch that was immune
to Medusa’s power and a sword to use against her before being sent into the
area where he would hope to find Medusa and her sisters. (Greek-Roman Myth / USA Comics#6 (fb) / Journey Into Mystery I#96 (fb)) - He finally located the Gorgons living
isolated in the wilderness surrounded by the stone statues of their previous
victims. Watching them through the shining reflective surface of his shield,
he waited until they fell asleep and then crept among them and slew Medusa
with one single blow, decapitating her in the process. Medusa’s sisters rose
to fight their invisible invader, but could not find him to confront him.
They instead returned to mourn and bury their sister. From her corpse, the
winged horse Pegasus burst forth and fled off into the night. Her blood seeping
into the Earth, however, turned into serpents. Athena saved some of the blood
and gave it to King Erichthonius of Athens. One drop cured disease and another
drop became a deadly poison. (Adventures Into Terror#15 (fb) ) - Medusa had secretly had
a daughter, and when Medusa died, she spirited her daughter away to a subterranean
world below Athens. There, in what would become Medusa-Land, her daughter,
also known as Medusa, came to rule the city. Her descendents--each named
Medusa and possessing similar powers to the original Medusa--each ruled
the city after the deaths of their mothers. (Greek-Roman Myth) - Perseus reached that night the Garden
of the Hesperides where the daughters of the Titan Atlas treated him warmly
as a guest. The Titaness Themis, however, had warned Atlas that a son of Zeus
would one day rob the apples from the garden and treated him inhospitably.
Wanting to take down some of the apples as a gift to his mother, Perseus tried
to abscond with a few of them, but Atlas noticed him and screamed at him
to stay away from them. Perseus then struck back by using Medusa’s head to
turn him to stone; Atlas had managed to revert back to normal by the arrival
of Hercules, the real threat of which Themis had warned him. Perseus also
used Medusa’s head to turn King Polydectes to stone, but eventually realized
the head was too dangerous for him to keep and he gave it to Athena for safe
keeping. She emblazoned the surface of her aegis (breastplate) with its gruesome
image. Mopsus, one of the Argonauts, was killed
by one of the serpents born from Medusa’s blood in Libya as they struggled
to return to Greece. Athena eventually saved a clipping from
Medusa’s hair and concealed it in an urn to give to Hercules two generations
later. He gave it to Sterope, a princess of Tegea and daughter of his good
friend King Cepheus, and told her it could be used to ward off any army. She
kept it hidden away as a weapon for Tegea as her father joined Hercules in
a war against Sparta. (Marvel Preview#10) <@ 1250-1225 BC> - King Kreon
of Pylos sent Hercules and the Argonauts to retrieve the gold of Medusa hidden
on the Isle of Fear. Kreon knew Medusa had no gold and hoped to be rid of
them by sending them on the dangerous adventure. Reaching the island and encountering
griffins en route, they encountered Medusa concealing her face behind a hood.
She offered Jason a bite of a golden apple with the promise of immortality,
but Hercules realized the truth and shot an arrow trying to kill her, but
it instead knocked her hood off. Jason was turned to stone as a result as
Medusa turned on Hercules, but the Old One shot an arrow and killed her to
defend Hercules. With Medusa dead, Jason and all her prior victims returned
back to normal as the Argonauts collected her golden apples for King Kreon
and seized her winged horse. (Greek-Roman Myth) - Sometime in the Seventh Century BC, Athena
also took two ribs from Medusa’s corpse to create a flute, but she could
never understand why Aphrodite and Hera broke out laughing when she tried
to master playing it. She eventually saw a reflection of herself as she looked
trying to blow through them and cast the flutes to earth as she cursed the
person who found them. The satyr Marsyas discovered them and learned to play
them excellently, but he got involved in a musical contest with the god Apollo
that was judged by Midas, the king of Phrygia. Apollo won by playing his
lyre upside down, but Marsyas lost his life after trying to do the same thing
with the Medusa flute. (Avengers I#4 (fb) - BTS) - Some years later, a group of Greek
soldiers surprised an extraterrestrial alien from the planet D’Bari on Earth.
He used a weapon to turn one of the soldiers to stone. Because of that feat
and his weird appearance, they fled believing that he was Medusa returned
back to life. (Journey Into Mystery I#96 (fb) - BTS) - The extraterrestrial
race known only as "Gorgons" were also mistaken for Medusa at various times.
Like Medusa, they could transform people into stone with their countenance. (Journey Into Mystery I#73 (fb) - BTS) - Ages ago,
Medusa was imprisoned in the dungeon of a castle in Europe, to protect humanity
from her gaze. Centuries went by and the castle remained vacant, due to
fear of the curse contained within it.
(Tales To Astonish I#32) - In the 1920's, Medusa adopted
the identity of "May Dusa" and became a famous award-winning photographer,
keeping her face concealed beneath a black hood. On one occasion, a man attempted
to rob from her, and gained access to her apartment by claiming to want his
picture taken. Curious to see if "May Dusa" was as beautiful under the hood
as he believed, the criminal removed the hood and was instantly transformed
into stone. (Adventures Into Terror#15 - BTS) <1954> - Anthropologist
Professor Lansing discovered the existence of Medusa-Land and led a group
of criminals there to steal its wealth. (Mystery Tales#17) - Medusa lived in Paris with her husband, a blind man from Greece who won an art competition by entering a man Medusa had turned to stone. (Tales of Suspense I#10 (fb) ) - Medusa came to be kept in
the possession of a curio shop owner, who kept her locked behind a heavy iron
door. On one occasion, a criminal robbed the store and, thinking that the
iron door concealed the owner's most valuable treasures, forced him to open
it. Upon gazing at Medusa, he was immediately turned into stone. (Tales of Suspense I#10) - The shop owner placed the criminal's
stone body in his shop. Some time later, a customer wanted to know the story
behind the "statue", and the owner told him; the customer did not believe
him, but when the owner challenged him to open the door himself, he fled in
terror, convinced. (Journey Into Mystery I#73) - Mr. and Mrs. Grey bought the
European castle containing Medusa, ignoring the curse. They eventually came
upon the locked cell of Medusa. Unaware of what was behind the door, Mrs.
Grey went to fetch a crowbar, after which the door opened easily for Mr.
Grey. Medusa mocked Grey as she revealed her face, but she was amazed when
he did not turn to stone. Thinking that her own curse had worn off, she
looked at herself in the mirror; instantly, she felt her own body begin
to stiffen and petrify. As Medusa turned to stone, Mr. Grey revealed that
he was blind. (Moon Knight I#16/2 (fb) - BTS) - The head of Medusa was found in an archaeological dig in Greece by Mr. Collins. He held on to the head for many decades, until it was stolen from him by Mr. Karg. (Moon Knight I#16/2) - Mr. Collins hired Marc Spector to recover the head of Medusa from Mr. Karg for him. Spector was followed by Collins' daughter, who wanted to keep her father from reclaiming it. They were both captured by Karg, who attempted to use the head of Medusa upon them, but Spector used a piece of broken glass to reflect Medusa's visage back upon Karg, turning him and the head into stone. Spector broke off Karg's right hand so that he could return the petrified head to Mr. Collins. (Wolverine/Hercules: Myths, Monsters & Mutants#2 (fb) - BTS) - Eurystheus and Achelous led Matsuo and the Hand to Medusa's head and reunited it with her (presumably) body. (Wolverine/Hercules: Myths, Monsters & Mutants#2) - Covered in Hand ninja garb and armed with two swords Medusa jumped through a window to Tsurayaba's apartment to attack Wolverine and Hercules after they had defeated Minotaur and the Nemean Lion. She cut Hercules' face, who realized first who she was when Wolverine cut from the Ninja garb and revealed her green, scaly arm. Hercules forced Wolverine to the ground and forced him to not look at their enemy. Medusa took off her mask and started destroying all mirrors in the apartment while Wolverine and Hercules kept their eyes closed to not look at her. When she came too close Wolverine stabbed through left hand with his Adamantium claws, forcing Medusa to drop one of her swords. Hercules picked it up, decapitated her and put her head into a bag, but it was too late for Wolverine, who had looked at her face and got turned into stone. (Wolverine/Hercules: Myths, Monsters & Mutants#4) - Wolverine (not petrified anymore thanks to Pluto) used Medusa's head to turn the Kraken (Cetus) to stone. (Herc#8 - BTS) - Arachne's tapestry, which depicted among other stories the origin of Medusa's mutation at the hands of Athena was stolen by the African trickster god Anansi, who lost it shortly after to Elektra Natchios, who was working for the Russian goddess of witchcraft Baba Yaga. (Deadpool: Dracula's Gauntlet#7 (fb) - BTS) - Dracula claimed to have sliced off Medusa's head clean off her shoulders (which would mean that it was back on her shoulders after Wolverine had used it against the Kraken). (Deadpool: Dracula's Gauntlet#6) - Dracula used Medusa's head against Shiklah when she attacked him in Monster Metropolis. Medusa's stare turned Shiklah to stone. (Deadpool: Dracula's Gauntlet#6/2) - Dracula put the bag back over Medusa's head and wondered if the petrified Shiklah could steel see. When Medusa critized that she couldn't even see under the bag Dracula told her that it was not a bag because it had a high thread count. (Deadpool: Dracula's Gauntlet#7) - Dracula told Deadpool that he had cut off Medusa's head and didn't expect Deadpool to be any competition compared to her. After Deadpool used his own cut off hand to stab Dracula, which forced him to flee because Deadpool's blood proved poisonous to him, Deadpool made a deal with Medusa. He promised her a new body if she reversed the petricification of Shiklah. Medusa complied after some additional threats from Deadpool. Above Monster Metropolis Deadpool then used Medusa's head to turn Dracula's army to stone to end the battle between monsters in the streets of Manhattan. After receiving the body of the Monster of Frankenstein as her new body Medusa wasn't too happy because she actually thought she would get a different body. Comments: Adapted by an unnamed writer and Tony DiPreta. The story had an abridged version of her mythological death in it. In Wolverine/Hercules: Myths, Monsters & Mutants#2 Medusa presumably saved Minotaur's life after he fell to his death from Matsuo Tsurayaba's apartment as he was next seen petrified in a Greek village. According to the myth, Medusa was the
only one among the Gorgons who was not immortal. This seems suspect and was
likely added later to the myth as a convenience to make it that much more
easier for Perseus to slay her. Considering that the Graiae (also called
the Gray Sisters) are sisters of the Gorgons and were also likely goddesses
at one time as well, it is reasonable to speculate that they were also found
at fault for the sins of their sisters. If the Gorgons were stripped of their
beauty, perhaps they were stripped of their eternal youth enchantments. In
“Clash of the Titans,” they were excellently and faithfully depicted visually
as three Stygian witches and their eye depicted as a crystal ball. Medusa has also made a few other appearances
worthy of mention. She appeared in the 1963 movie, “The Gorgon” which starred
Peter Cushing, Christopher Lee and Barbara Shelley. In DC Comics, her ghost
appears in Super-Girl I#8 and possesses Super-Girl in an attempt to take over
of her body and restore herself to life, but she was defeated by the spirit
of Perseus in the body of Super-Girl’s boyfriend. Later, in Wonder Woman
II#3, Phobos, the son of Ares, used the ashes of Medusa’s corpse to create
the demoness Decay. In the episode, “Friends Till The End” of “Friday The
Thirteenth: The Series,” Michelle Foster and Ryan Daillion searched for numerous
cursed objects, among them the Chard of Medusa that could transform people
to stone in the classic horror series. Also, according to the myth, Pegasus
is reputedly to have sprung from Medusa’s head. As the last offspring of Poseidon
and Medusa, it probably sprang from her corpse after she died, but only because
Athena’s curse possibly prohibited her from conceiving it naturally. Medusa’s
son, Chrysaor, is sometimes said to have sprung from her corpse too, but
this must be an error, because his daughter, Echidna, the wife of Typhon,
was killed several generations prior by Argus, a former sentry of Mount Olympus. It is hard to reconcile the later Medusas
past her death by Perseus with the others described and encountered in the
Marvel Universe. It is also possible that Perseus was
actually guided by the Eternal Thena who reportedly acted as the representative
of the goddess on Earth, but considering Medusa’s connection to Athena to
the Olympian Gods, this seems doubtful especially concerning that Athena admitted
in recent years to have protected Perseus when she gave the aegis to Trey
Rollins. Concerning Marvel Preview#10: There
never was a King Kreon of Pylos although in the Marvel Universe, he could
have briefly controlled the city once during the rule of King Nestor who ruled
it in Hercules’ lifetime. Although, there could have also been another second
foreign city with that name under control of the Ancient Greeks. According to Adventures Into Terror#15,
Medusa could not only turn people into stone, but turn them into animals,
as well. I wonder if they got confused with Sersi? Concerning Dr. Zeus’s Menagerie of Myth,
it could be possible that the spirit of Medusa was somewhat connected to her
biological duplicate. While Dr. Zeus might have been able to mutate a Medusa-like
creation, it is curious how he would be able to get it to petrify anyone
with a glance unless Medusa’s spirit was working through her. Perhaps
a variant of the Grey Gargoyle's serum?--Snood. The story from Adventure into Terror#15
is reprinted in both Vault of Evil#3 and Monsters on the Prowl#23. The story from Journey into Mystery
I#73 is reprinted in Fear#5 John McDonagh pointed out that Medusa's fight with Perseus was in a Flashback in Journey into Mystery I#96. For a great resource on where to find story reprints,
check out Prime Eternal's Marvel Comics Archive: http://www.geocities.com/mh_prime/archive.html
Thanks to adam craik for pointing out the Medusa appearance in Mystery Tales#17. In Incredible Hercules#123 we learn that an army of cursed Gorgons attacked Atlantis in the Pre-Cataclysmic Era. This would place the events of Athena cursing the Gorgons long before the Great Cataclysm. Medusa would make another great ally/agent for Set. Medusa was called by the Greeks Medousa. Using her Greek name will save on the confusion with the Inhuman of the same name. Next Medousa and Perseus do indeed appear in flashback only in USA Comics#6 (December, 1942)'s Captain America story "The Ghost's Gaze Of Death" ---Cap and Bucky fight Medusa (Professor Anton Harvey). As for how Medousa had survived being beheaded by Perseus, the answer could be as easy as Defenders I#4 (February, 1973) and what the Enchantress did to Barbara Norriss' body when she turned her into the Valkyrie by putting Brunnhilde's spirit into it or as easy as Infinity Gauntlet#1 when Adam Warlock brought himself, Gamora and Pip the Troll back to life in the bodies of 3 dead human beings that he transformed into duplicates of their original bodies. Due to the rules of Medusa-Land several characters named Medusa existed over the millennia. The history above deals with all of them. Profile by Will U, Prime Eternal, and
Snood Updates (Wolverine/Hercules, Deadpool) by Markus Raymond CLARIFICATIONS: King Cepheus, friend of Hercules, is not to be confused
with: Enyo, Medusa’s sister, is not to be confused with:
Medusa-Land Though its origins and original population are unknown,
it is a subterranean world beneath Greece. It came to be ruled by the
daughter of Medusa, and came to accumulate great wealth, with Medusa's
descendents--all of whom were apparently named Medusa--ruling after the
deaths of their mothers. Around 1954, anthropologist Professor Lansing
discovered the existence of Medusa-Land and led a group of criminals there
to steal its wealth. They successfully located the city, and Lansing played
up to the current Medusa, who became attracted to him and kissed him
(he hid his revulsion to avoid making her angry). Later that night, Lansing
began to loot the wealth of the city. Medusa caught him in the act and
added him to her serpentine locks.
Though all of the inhabitants had snake-like hair, only
the leader was descended from Medusa. The ruler, at least, could transform
victims into snakes to add to her hair. When first transformed, the new
snake's greatly resembled its original face, though over time they apparently
took on a more normal serpent countenance. --Adventures Into Terror#15 (15(fb), 15 Images taken from:
Medusa allegedly appeared in USA Comics#6 (December 1942):
"The Ghost's Gaze of Death ." If so, this would be her first appearance.
-Per Degaton
--Markus Raymond
--Markus Raymond
In Supernatural Thrillers#3, a man named James Allison,
on his death bed, recalled how he had existed in a previous life as Niord
Worm's Bane. As Niord Worm's Bane, he had fought a worm-like monster. Allison
believed that vague racial memories of this conflict had given rise to stories
of Perseus fighting the kraken or sea monster.
---Per Degaton
--Markus Raymond
--Gammatotem
Medusa is not to be confused with:
Only one other resident was named: Athene, who was
a close friend of the Medusa of the 1950s.
Tales To Astonish I#32, p5, pan8 (main image)
Incredible Hercules#128, p12, pan2 (without curse; recap page included)
Tales To Astonish I#32, p1 (under cloak)
Wolverine/Hercules: Myths, Monsters & Mutants#2, p12, pan1 (Hand ninja)
Wolverine/Hercules: Myths, Monsters & Mutants#2, p14, pan3 (unmasked as ninja)
Deadpool: Dracula's Gauntlet#7, p11, pan1 (with body of Monster of Frankenstein)
Appearances:
USA Comics#6 (December 1942)
Adventures Into Terror#15 (January, 1953)
Mystery Tales#17 (January, 1954) - Paul Reinman (artist)
Tales of Suspense I#10 (October, 1960) - Steve Ditko (artist), Stan Lee (editor)
Journey Into Mystery I#73 (October, 1961) - Steve Ditko (artist), Stan Lee (editor)
Tales to Astonish I#32 (June, 1962) - Don Heck (artist), Stan Lee (editor)
Journey into Mystery I#96 (September, 1963) - Stan Lee & Larry Lieber (writers), Larry Lieber (pencils), Paul Reinman (inks), Stan Lee (editor)
Avengers I#4 (December, 1963) - Stan Lee (writer/editor), Jack Kirby (pencils), George Roussos (inks)
Marvel Preview#10 (Winter, 1977) - Bill Mantlo (writer), Val Mayerik (artist), John Warner & Ralph Macchio (editors)
Moon Knight I#16 (February, 1982) - Jack C. Harris (writer), Denys Cowan (pencils), Steve Mitchell, Joe Rubinstein & Klaus Janson (inks), Denny O'Neil (editor)
Incredible Hercules#128 (June, 2009) - Greg Pak & Fred Van Lente (writers), Dietrich Smith (pencils), Terry Pallot (inks), Mark Paniccia (editor)
Wolverine/Hercules: Myths, Monsters & Mutants#2 (June, 2011) - Frank Tieri (writer), Juan Santacruz (artist), Charlie Beckerman (editor)
Wolverine/Hercules: Myths, Monsters & Mutants#4 (August, 2011) - Frank Tieri (writer), Juan Santacruz (artist), Charlie Beckerman (editor)
Herc#8 (November, 2011) - Greg Pak & Fred Van Lente (writers), June Brigman (pencils), Roy Richardson (inks), Mark Paniccia (editor)
Deadpool: Dracula's Gauntlet#6-7 (October, 2014) - Gerry Duggan (writer), Brian Posehn (story), Reilly Brown (artist), Jordan D. White (editor)
First Posted: 07/15/2004
Last updated: 06/17/2015
Any Additions/Corrections? please let me know.
Non-Marvel Copyright
info
All other characters mentioned or pictured are ™ and © 1941-2099
Marvel Characters, Inc. All Rights Reserved. If you like this stuff, you should
check out the real thing!
Please visit The Marvel Official Site at: http://www.marvel.com
Special Thanks to www.g-mart.com for hosting the Appendix, Master List, etc.!