THE COMMISSION ON SUPERHUMAN ACTIVITIES

Membership: Dr. Valerie Cooper, Martin Farrow, Henry Peter Gyrich, General Halstan, General Lewis Haywerth, Anne Marie Hoag, George Mathers, Norman Osborn, Douglas Rockwell, Adrian Sammish, Orville Sanderson, Raymond Sikorski, General Standish, Wesley Werner, Mr. Yates

Field Agents: Battlestar/Bucky (Lemar Hoskins), Beetle (Abner Jenkins), Captain America/U.S. Agent, Deadpool, Destructon, Freedom Force (Avalanche, Blob, Crimson Commando, Destiny, Mystique, Pyro, Spider-Woman, Spiral, Stonewall, Super Sabre), Juggernaut, Jack Kubrick, Redeemers (Beetle, Charcoal, Citizen V, Fixer, Jolt, Meteorite, Scream, Smuggler), Scourge/Nomad (Jack Monroe), Spider-Woman (Julia Carpenter), S.T.A.R.S.
(other employees) Bill, Mike Clemson, Barney Fiddler, Fields, Agent Hafner, Harrigan, Lou, Mackenzie, Dr. Carter Napier, Dr.Alice Nugent, Brian Rinehart, Dallas Riordan, Andrea Sterman, Stew, Walsh, Miles Warton
(former) Deathweb

Purpose: To monitor and control superhuman activity in the United States, and tap America's superhuman resources to serve the government's interests.

Affiliations: The Advisor, Avengers, Doc Samson, Adrian Eiskalt, FBI (including Carl Denti, Jake Farber, Vernon Hatchway, Elwood McNulty), Firestar, Forge, Duane Freeman, G.I. Max, Guardsmen, Gabrielle Haller, Hazzerd, Bartholomew Ingrid, Iron Monger, Senator Robert Kelly, Jack Kooning, Vincent Mangano, New Warriors, Nuke, Hank Pym (Criti Noll), Quicksilver, Roxxon Oil, S.H.I.E.L.D. (including Jeremiah Albuquerque, G.W. Bridge, Sharon Carter, Nick Fury, Maria Hill, Jack Norriss, Radek), Sgt. Simmons, Major-General Sokolowski, Gullivar South, Taskmaster, Thunderbolts, Troubleshooter, V-Battalion, the Vault, Alexi Vazhin, Sachi Yama, Baron Helmut Zemo, Zodiac (LMD)
(former) Power Broker

Enemies: Alliance of Evil, Arms of Salvation, Baron Strucker, Bogatyri, Cable, Rusty Collins, D-Man, Deathweb, Diamondback, Dittomaster, Famine (Autumn Rolfson), Flag-Smasher, The Grip, Justin Hammer, Hulk, Kree, Machine Man, Magneto, Manipulator, MLF, Power Broker, Professor Power, Punisher, Red Skull, Resistants, Sanctuary Movement, Scourge of the Underworld, Skids, Senator Warkovsky, Watchdogs

Aliases: CSA, Commission for Superhuman Activities, Committee on Superhuman Activities, Super Powers Commission, CSHA

Base of Operations: The Pentagon, Washington, D.C.
Special Powers Compound, Fort George G. Meade, Maryland, Washington D.C.
Cliff's Edge, Langley, Virginia (base of the Redeemers)

First Appearance: (unnamed) Uncanny X-Men#199 (November, 1985); (named) Captain America I#331 (July, 1987)

History: (Avengers West Coast#84 (fb), Spider-Woman II#2 (fb)) - Dr. Valerie Cooper recruited her old college friend Julia Carpenter for an experimental procedure designed by the Commission to grant superhuman powers. Julia gained superhuman strength, the ability to cling to walls, and the ability to generate psi-webbing. She became Spider-Woman, and the Commission began to seek assignments for her.

(Spider-Woman II#2 (fb)) - Subsequently, the Manipulator paid off Dr. Napier to have him use the spider-serum he had created for the Commission on three of their employees, transforming them into the Deathweb.

(Uncanny X-Men#199) - Dr. Valerie Cooper was approached by Mystique of the Brotherhood of Evil Mutants, who offered her team's services to the government. As the government was in need of a replacement team for the Avengers, Cooper agreed, and directed Mystique to capture Magneto to prove their intentions. The newly-christianed Freedom Force succeeded, but only because Magneto surrendered to them.

(Uncanny X-Men#206) - Joined by Spider-Woman, Freedom Force attacked the X-Men in San Francisco, but were defeated.

(Daredevil I#232-233) - General Haywerth of the Commission attempted to create a new super-soldier, eventually resulting in Nuke. However, Nuke was mentally unstable, and eventually died while attempting to escape military custody.

(X-Factor I#8-9) - Freedom Force was dispatched to apprehend the escaped mutant Rusty Collins, but were prevented from doing so by X-Factor.

(Avengers Annual#15, West Coast Avengers Annual#1) - After Quicksilver fed the government false testimony branding the Avengers as traitors, they dispatched Freedom Force to apprehend them, and held a trial at the newly-constructed Vault. Cooper, Gyrich and Sikorski had the Avengers incarcerated, but they later escaped. Although Mystique was willing to pursue the Avengers, Quicksilver convinced Gyrich to allow him to lead the LMD Zodiac against them. Quicksilver ultimately failed at his task, and his false testimony was revealed to the government.

(Iron Man I#214) - Spider-Woman quit working for the Commission, and Dr. Cooper encouraged Iron Man to retrieve her for them. She finally returned to the Commission, and was assigned new work under the supervision of Mike Clemson.

(Spectacular Spider-Man II#125-126) - Clemson sent Spider-Woman to obtain discs from Dextron Labs, but she was beaten to the theft by the Wrecking Crew. Although she attempted to recover the disc, she failed in her mission, forcing her to remain under Clemson's watch.

(Captain America I#329 - BTS) - Having been informed by a minor bureaucrat in the tax department that Steve Rogers was Captain America, the Commission sent FBI agents Jake Farber and Elwood McNulty to bring him to see them in Washington D.C. The agents encountered Captain Marvel at Avengers Mansion, uncertain of where to find Captain America at that time.

(Captain America I#331) - The Commission continued to demand that Captain America appear before them, while Captain America simultaneously encountered G.I. Max, another attempt at creating a super-soldier in General Haywerth's department.

(Captain America I#332) - McNulty and Farber brought Captain America to the Commission, who revealed to him that the Captain America identity was the property of the government, and demanded that he either become their operative, or surrender his shield and uniform. After considering their offer for an evening, Steve Rogers chose to turn over the costume and uniform, and walked out.

(Captain America I#333) - Unprepared for Rogers' actions, the Commission began to discuss who could take over the identity, suggesting and then dropping Nick Fury, the Falcon and Nomad as candidates, and learning from General Haywerth the status of the super-soldier program. When Dr. Cooper learned how the super-hero Super-Patriot had defeated the terrorist Warhead in Washington, she arranged a meeting with him, and offered him the identity of Captain America. The Super-Patriot revealed his identity as John Walker to them, and accepted their offer. They granted him the costume and shield, and had him practice against Blob, Pyro and Avalanche. Walker attempted to have his three sidekicks join him with the Commission, but only Lemar Hoskins met with their approval.

(Captain America I#334) - Hoskins became the new Bucky, and the Commission had Sgt. Simmons begin training them against Guardsmen, and they briefly released the Taskmaster from prison to teach Walker how to use his shield in combat. When Walker and Hoskins stole a pair of Guardsmen armor to drive off their former agent Ethan Thurm, and their former friends Jerome Johnson and Hector Lennox. Walker confessed his theft to Dr. Cooper afterwards.

(Captain America I#335) - With Walker and Hoskins' training complete, the Commission had Adrian Sammish send them on their first mission, to bring down the Watchdogs in Walker's hometown, Custer's Grove, Georgia. The two were successful in their mission, capturing a team of Watchdogs.

(Uncanny X-Men#223-227) - Freedom Force added the former heroes Super Sabre, Stonewall and Crimson Commando to their ranks, and observed as the X-Men seemingly sacrificed their lives to defeat the Adversary.

(Captain America I#338) - The Commission sent Captain America and Bucky to oppose the newly-revived Professor Power, but when he injured Walker with an energy blast, Walker flew into a rage and killed him.

(Captain America I#339) - The Commission assigned Captain America and Bucky to oppose Famine, a Horseman of Apocalypse who was assaulting Kansas, but by the time they arrived, Famine had already been defeated by Steve Rogers and his allies.

(Spectacular Spider-Man II#137-138) - The Commission sent Walker to assist Gullivar South and his ally the Tarantula in rounding up illegal immigrants from Delvadia, claiming they were terrorists. Walker aided the Tarantula at first against Spider-Man, who was defending the immigrants, but when he realized he was on the wrong side, Walker abandoned Tarantula to be defeated.

(Captain America I#341/2 (fb) - BTS) - Bucky met with Douglas Rockwell and convinced him that he needed a change in name, and was given the new identity of Battlestar.

(Captain America I#341/2 (fb)) - The Commission arranged a press conference at the Washington Monument for Walker and Battlestar so that they could introduce them to the American public. Unfortunately, the affair was crashed by Left-Winger and Right-Winger, who revealed Walker's identity on national television.

(New Mutants I#65) - Freedom Force helped defend Forge against the New Mutants when he was attacked by Magik, blaming him for the death of her brother Colossus.

(Captain America I#343) - Captain America and Bucky arrested the mutant Quill for violating the Mutant Registration Act, but he was stolen from their charge by members of the Resistants, a mutant rights terrorist group.

(X-Factor I#33) - Freedom Force arrested the Alliance of Evil for rioting over the Mutant Registration Act. Again encountering X-Factor, they attempted to make them sign MRA forms as well, but X-Factor refused.

(Captain America I#344) - The Commission sent Walker and Hoskins to help quell the riots caused by people being transformed into snake-men by the Viper's venom, and brought Rogers' alles Nomad, D-Man and Diamondback into custody. The Commission was now aware that Rogers was continuing to serve as a super-hero, under the guise of "the Captain."

(Captain America I#345) - Rogers turned himself over to the Commission hoping to settle their differences, but Commissioner Rockwell immediately charged him with conspiracy to commit sedition, breaking and entering the White House, assault and battery against the President, aiding and abetting known felons and failure to pay back taxes. They placed Rogers into a cell.

(Captain America I#346) - After Walker slew nine of the Watchdogs for killing his parents, some of the Commission began to question his competancy as Captain America, and he was placed on probation. They assigned Battlestar to a mission with Freedom Force to bring down the Resistants by using Mystique as a trojan horse, but Walker was released from probation in time to arrive and foul up their efforts, defeating the Resistants instead of letting them lead Mystique back to their base.

(Captain America I#347) - Members of the Commission continued to call for Walker's removal, while Walker set out and nearly killed Left-Winger and Right-Winger.

(Captain America I#348-349) - The Commission attempted to suspend Walker for his actions, but the President convinced them to let him continue on, and also forced them to release Rogers from his cell. They then sent him and Battlestar after the Flag-Smasher, who had demanded to face Captain America to negotiate the release of hostages at the North Pole. When Walker was defeated and captured, the Flag-Smasher demanded that Battlestar bring the real Captain America. Against the Commission's orders, Battlestar did so, and brought Walker back safely, although Rogers wound up with his old shield back during the mission.

(Captain America I#350) - The Commision again attempted to drive Walker out of the role as Captain America, but Commissioner Rockwell, secretly working for the Red Skull, refused to hear of it. Rockwell wound up being slain by the Red Skull, and Walker was manipulated by the Red Skull into battling Steve Rogers. Ultimately, the Commission offered Rogers the identity of Captain America back, but he refused, now confident that he was his own man. Walker convinced Rogers that he should take the identity back, since the Commission was going to fire him anyway, and Rogers finally agreed with him.

(Captain America I#382/2 (fb)) - General Haywerth met with Walker without the knowledge of the other Commission members, and the two of them planned to have him fake his death so that they could establish a new cover identity for him.

(Captain America I#351) - The Commission held a press conference to inform the public that the original Captain America had resumed the identity, but as Walker handed him his shield, he was shot down by a fake assassin dressed as a Watchdog. Later, Battlestar and Dr. Cooper went to view Walker's body at a hospital, only to find it missing.

(Captain America I#382/2 (fb)) - General Haywerth prepared John Walker's new identity for him, and had Walker's memories altered to remove the memory of his parents' death.

(Captain America I#352) - The Commission met with Battlestar, hoping to keep him onboard as an operative, but he departed their employ to investigate Walker's death.

(Captain America I#354) - The Commission were summoned by General Haywerth to the Special Powers compound to meet the U.S. Agent, Walker's new identity, while Walker engaged in a training exercise against a man wearing the Iron Monger armor, whom he soundly trounced. They decided to assign him to the west coast branch of the Avengers.

(Daredevil I#269) - Freedom Force attempted to apprehend a mutant girl under the Mutant Registration Act, but were kept away from her by Daredevil.

(X-Factor I#40) - Freedom Force came to the assistance of X-Factor after they had defeated Nanny and the Orphan Maker, and promised to help return the children held captive by Nanny.

(Marvel Comics Presents#41/4) - Freedom Force rescued Senator Robert Kelly from the Grip, who had been holding him hostage in South America.

(Captain America I#355) - Sikorski contacted Captain America on behalf of the Commission on Superhuman Activities to inform him that John Walker was alive, that the Commission was assigning him to the West Coast Avengers, and that the government wanted to buy the right to the design of the costume Cap had worn while he was "The Captain", and allow Walker to wear it as the U.S. Agent.

(New Mutants I#78, 80, 82) - Freedom Force arrested Rusty Collins and Skids, intending for Collins to assist them by training the mutant children they had retrieved from Nanny.

(Captain America I#358/2-362/2) - General Haywerth contacted the U.S. Agent at the Avengers Compound to inform him that the Power Broker's life was being threatened by an assassin, who proved to be a Scourge. The U.S. Agent was sent to protect the Commission's interest in the Power Broker. The U.S. Agent was able to save the Power Broker's life and capture the Scourge, but the Scourge was himself slain by another Scourge as he was being transported away.

(Uncanny X-Men#254-255, X-Men Forever#2) - Freedom Force journeyed to Muir Island to aid its team of X-Men against the Reavers. During this battle, Destiny and Stonewall were both killed.

(Fantastic Four I#335) - Gyrich represented the Commission at the Washington hearing over the Superhuman Registration Act, and proposed to the panel that he be put in charge of any operation to utilize America's superhuman resources.

(Damage Control II#1-3) - Anne Marie Hoag of Damage Control was contacted by the President, and convinced to join the Commission on Superhuman Activities, forcing her to resign as head of Damage Control.

(Damage Control II#4) - Gyrich was working on a draft of the Superhuman Registration Act for the Commission when he was assaulted by the shape-shifting Dittomaster, who seduced him in the form of a woman, then knocked him out and took his place. The Dittomaster attempted to force Anne Marie Hoag to sign Gyrich's report, but she overpowered him and turned him over to S.H.I.E.L.D. Subsequently, Anne Marie left the Commission to head up "Power Pac," a super-hero political action committee.

(New Mutants I#86-88) - Freedom Force attempted to prevent the escape of Rusty Collins and Skids, but had to contend with both the MLF and Cable, and the prisoners ultimately fell into the hands of the MLF.

(Avengers Spotlight#31/2-34/2) - The Commission sent the U.S. Agent to investigate the Sanctuary Movement, a violent organization in Texas which was assassinating illegal immigrants as they attempted to cross the border.

(Incredible Hulk II#369) - Freedom Force attempted to apprehend the Hulk, but he defeated them and fled.

(Punisher: No Escape) - The Commission appointed the U.S. Agent to apprehend the Punisher on behalf of Vicent Mangano, a Maggia crimelord secretly affiliated with the government, but Walker wound up siding with the Punisher against the Maggia.

(Captain America I#380/2, 382/2) - General Haywerth was confronted by the U.S. Agent, who had learned that the Commission had altered his memories. Haywerth allowed the U.S. Agent to regain all of his memories, but altered events to make him think he had asked them to remove the memory of his parents' death.

(Nomad I#1-4) - The Commission employed their psychiatrist Andrea Sterman to analyze Nomad for them, but she wound up sympathizing with Nomad. When Nomad became involved in the government's plan to sell the S.I.C.C.A.E.L. super-gun to Cuba, the CSA brought in Captain America to stop Nomad. Nomad was temporarily imprisoned, but Sterman tipped Captain America off to the government's plans for the S.I.C.C.A.E.L., and he broke Nomad out of prison.

(Marvel Comics Presents#82-87) - Freedom Force confronted Firestar in an attempt to both register her as a mutant, and to determine if she could serve as a potential member of their team, but she managed to escape them. Later, Firestar helped save Mystique from the Arms of Salvation, and Freedom Force helped shut down the mercenary force. They finally allowed Firestar to go free.

(Avengers-- Deathtrap: The Vault) - Freedom Force assisted the Avengers in putting down an attempted breakout at the Vault by Venom.

(New Mutants Annual#7, Uncanny X-Men Annual#15, X-Factor Annual#6) - Freedom Force was sent on a mission to Kuwait to rescue Reinhold Kurtzmann, but ran afoul of the team Desert Sword. They ultimately killed Kurtzmann to prevent his recapture, but Super Sabre was killed, and Blob and Pyro were captured, with only Avalanche and the Crimson Commando surviving. This effectively ended Freedom Force as a team.

(Avengers West Coast#69 (fb)) - General Haywerth contacted the U.S. Agent as the Avengers altered their charter to become U.N. affiliated, and informed Walker that the Commission could no longer force the Avengers to accept him as a member. The U.S. Agent subsequently quit the Avengers.

(Avengers West Coast#71-72) - Mike Clemson contacted the U.S. Agent on behalf of the Commission and ordered him to kill Spider-Woman, claiming she was a rogue agent. The Agent attempted to complete his mission, but was unable to commit murder, instead allying himself with Spider-Woman.

(Avengers West Coast#84-86) - Mike Clemson pretended to be serving the Commission while secretly employed by the Conclave, a body of conspirators who claimed to manipulate the world's governments. He once more attempted to bring Spider-Woman under his control, but his status as a traitor wound up being revealed, and he was fired by the Commission.

(Spider-Woman II#2 (fb, BTS)) - After seeing the Deathweb on television, Dr. Cooper realized they must have received their powers from Carter Napier, and blackmailed him in the hopes he would lead the Commission to the Deathweb.

(X-Force I#5) - Nick Fury and G.W. Bridge of S.H.I.E.L.D. met with Cooper and Gyrich at the Commission's headquarters to determine how to treat Cable's X-Force.

(Nomad II#1-3) - The Commission had Sterman team with S.H.I.E.L.D.'s Jack Norriss and Jeremiah Albuquerque and the U.S. Agent in attempting to apprehend Nomad in Los Angeles, but Albuquerque wound up making a deal with Nomad, offering to get the CSA off his back if he agreed to assassinate the Slug for S.H.I.E.L.D.

(Avengers West Coast Annual#7) - After the Iron Monger's armor was stolen by Professor Power, Agent Lou of the Commission met with the U.S. Agent while he was performing a drug bust, and claimed that Clemson's order to terminate Spider-Woman hadn't been authorized, and revealed Clemson had been dismissed. Lou was shot in the shoulder by one of the men the Agent had been spying on, but the U.S. Agent managed to defeat the drug dealers, then accepted the Commission's assignment to track down the Iron Monger armor.

(Avengers West Coast#87-88) - Lou directed the U.S. Agent to Canada to investigate an incursion by the Bogatyri in the Northwest Territories. The U.S. Agent was followed by his teammates in the Avengers, and joined by Wolverine, together defeating the Bogatyri.

(New Warriors I#29-30) - The Commission debriefed Namorita following a trip by the New Warriors to Trans-Sabal, during which General Halladah, a pro-American ruler, was slain by his rival Araq Mezdbadah.

(X-Men Unlimited I#2) - After the return of Magneto, the Commission held a meeting alongside Gabrielle Haller, Adrian Eiskalt and Alexi Vazhin on how their respective governments would respond to the threat Magneto posed.

(X-Force I#27) - After Gyrich was captured by the MLF, Dr. Cooper represented the CSA in a meeting held with Nick Fury, Forge and Professor X to plan a response, but Cable's X-Force launched a rescue mission before them.

(Spider-Woman II#1) - The Deathweb finally caught on to Dr. Napier's divided loyalties, and killed him with a lethal dose of venom.

(Spider-Woman II#2) - Investigating Napier's death, Spider-Woman met with Cooper and learned how the Deathweb had originally worked for the Commission.

(Nomad II#22-25) - The Commission, influenced by Bartholomew Ingrid, attempted to have Vernon Hatchway of the FBI kill Nomad, but instead he placed Nomad into suspended animation at the same storage facility where the hero had spent the decades following the 1950's.

(Force Works#12/2, War Machine#15/2, Iron Man I#317/2) - The Commission were manipulated by the Advisor into supporting both sides of a war in San Revilla, and ordered the U.S. Agent to assist the mercenaries Hazzerd and Troubleshooter, but the Agent ultimately turned against the mercenaries when he learned the government was supporting both sides.

(Avengers III#10) - Hawkeye waited outside the offices of the Commission so that he could meet with them about the Thunderbolts, who he hoped to help reform into heroes.

(Thunderbolts I#21 (fb)) - The Commission informed Hawkeye that they would not sanction his attempt to reform the Thunderbolts, and that if he affiliated himself with them, he would be charged as an accessory after the fact to their crimes.

(Thunderbolts I#26) - The Commission decided to spring Abner Jenkins from prison in order to use him as an agent to investigate Justin Hammer's interest in Omega-32.

(Thunderbolts I#29) - Dr. Cooper and Gyrich had Jenkins released from prison and confronted him to obtain his assistance.

(Thunderbolts I#33) - Jenkins, garbed in a new suit of armor as the Beetle, commited a robbery in order to reestablish his reputation in the criminal underworld for the Commission's purposes.

(X-51#3) - Gyrich attempted to use the CSA's resources to take control of X.E.R.O., a satellite built by Dr. Abel Stack in order to track Machine Man, who had become corrupt by Sentinel programming. However, Gyrich was unable to retain control over X.E.R.O., as it had developed sentience.

(X-51#5) - After Machine Man attacked the Avengers, the Avengers' liaison Duane Freeman contacted Gyrich so that he could inform the Commission of the threat Machine Man posed.

(X-51#6) - Dr. Cooper interrogated Mimic of the Brotherhood on behalf of Gyrich, hoping that he had information on Machine Man they could use.

(X-51#7) - Gyrich continued his search for Machine Man, and began to suspect that his ally Sebastian Shaw had been involved in the robot's corruption by Sentinels.

(X-51#8) - CSA agent Jack Kubrick was assigned by Gyrich to investigate Machine Man because the robot had replaced him earlier. After meeting with several of Machine Man's friends, he informed Gyrich that Machine Man had been destroyed.

(Fantastic Four III#27)- The Commission held a meeting chaired by Dr. Valerie Cooper as they determined how to react to the supposed wedding of Dr. Doom and the Invisible Woman.

(Thunderbolts I#49 (fb))- Gyrich, under the influence of nanoprobes designed by Baron Strucker, used CSA resources to revive Nomad and use nanoprobes to force him to begin assassinating members of the Thunderbolts, and began using the CSA's research into hard-air molecules with Roxxon Oil to develop hard-air bullets.

(Thunderbolts I#34-37)- The Beetle stole Omega-32 from Roxxon Oil and arranged a meeting with Justin Hammer, only to be confronted by the Thunderbolts, investigating their teammate's actions. Ultimately, Hawkeye made a deal with Gyrich to have Jenkins released from prison in return for the Omega-32 and Justin Hammer himself. Simultaneously, Scourge assassinated Jolt and reporter Gayle Rogers, and began stalking the other Thunderbolts.

(Thunderbolts I#50 (fb - BTS) - Having determined that there was a conspiracy within the Commmission, Dr. Cooper joined with Roger Aubrey of the V-Battalion in placing V-Battalion agent Miles Warton within the CSA to find the person responsible.

(Thunderbolts I#38-39) - Scourge tracked down Helmut Zemo in South America, and assassinated him.

(Thunderbolts I#59 (fb)) - Scourge brought members of the CSA loyal to Gyrich to Zemo's lab, which they began to dismantle. They discovered what remained of Angar the Screamer's life-force, now sonic energy, and converted it into the entity called Scream.

(Thunderbolts I#52 (fb)) - Gyrich found the Fixer's body held in suspended animation within Zemo's lab, and had him revived, forcing him to serve the CSA through his tech-pack.

(Thunderbolts I#40) - Warton met with Gyrich at the Commission's offices in Washington, confronting him over codes he had deleted on Alpha-32. Gyrich covered up the deletion of these files, claiming they were obsolete.

(Gambit III#17-19) - The Commission appointed FBI agent Carl Denti to assist Gambit as he was being pursued by a number of hired assassins.

(Gambit III#21) - Gambit had his friend Courier infiltrate the Commission disguised as Professor X in order to learn what his foe New Son's interest in Senator Kelly was, but Courier's presence was discovered by Mystique, who was simultaneously infiltrating them.

(X-Men Forever#6) - Juggernaut was able to obtain a release from prison through a prisoner work furlough program with the Commission, serving them as a bounty hunter under the supervision of Sachi Yama.

(Maximum Security#1 (fb)) - The Commission set up the organization S.T.A.R.S. to police superhuman activity in the United States and abroad, and brought in the U.S. Agent to serve as the team's marshal.

(Maximum Security#1-2) - The U.S. Agent and S.T.A.R.S. became involved in "Maximum Security" when extraterrestrial criminals were deported to Earth. Determining that the Kree were responsible, the Agent had his team befriend many of the aliens for an all-out assault.

(Avengers III#35) - In order to combat the multiple alien threats, the U.S. Agent, supported by Gyrich and Cooper, used his authority to assume command of the Avengers and all other superhumans in the United States to prepare for an assault upon Ronan's forces.

(Maximum Security#3) - The U.S. Agent led his army of superhumans against the Kree, and successfully thwarted Ronan's scheme to have Earth consumed by Ego, the Living Planet.

(Black Panther III#26) - In the aftermath of the alien incursions, the CSA dispatched Barney Fiddler to Wakanda to round up stray extraterrestrials, but the two "aliens" Fiddler set after proved to be refugee Deviants. The Black Panther and Storm prevented Fiddler from taking them into the government's custody.

(Thunderbolts I#41-47) - Scourge continued in his mission, assassinating Techno and Atlas, while Warton was confronted by Andrea Sterman on the Omega-32 project, and began to set into motion the Redeemers team by obtaining the Commission's Beetle armor.

(Thunderbolts I#48-50) - The CSA and V-Battalion joined forces to create the Redeemers, a team of criminals promised pardons from the government for their help in bringing down Gyrich's conspiracy. Ultimately, with the aid of Scourge and the Thunderbolts, Gyrich's attempt to use hard-air molecules to slay all of Earth's superhumans was thwarted, resulting in a humiliating demotion for Gyrich. Hawkeye turned himself over to the CSA to help the other Thunderbolts obtain pardons, and the Redeemers were kept in the CSA's service at Mt. Charteris in a joint CSA-S.H.I.E.L.D. operation, led by Captain America.

(Thunderbolts I#51-57) - The Redeemers went on missions which included rescuing Dallas Riordan from Latveria and confronting Humus Sapien, but nearly the entire team was wiped out when Graviton invaded Mt. Charteris, destroying it. Some of the CSA and S.H.I.E.L.D. staff managed to escape the base's destruction.

(U.S. Agent II#1 (fb)) - Dr. Cooper informed the U.S. Agent that he would be forced to accept Kali Vries of S.H.I.E.L.D. on S.T.A.R.S. due to the insistence of Senator Warkovsky.

(U.S. Agent II#1-3) - The U.S. Agent uncovered a conspiracy set in motion by the Power Broker, controlling Senator Warkovsky, to obtain control over key political figures across the globe, and managed to halt the operation with the aid of Captain America.

(Incredible Hulk III#33) - Fiddler was sent to help prevent a Russian submarine with biological weapons from being salvaged, but was prevented by the efforts of the Hulk and Queen Divine Justice.

(Avengers III#56 (fb)) - The U.S. Agent assisted the Avengers in a battle against the Elements of Doom, during which he incurred massive property damages. The U.S. Agent proved unwilling to cooperate with the Maria Stark Foundation's accountants, resulting in them billing the Commission for the damages.

(Sentinel I#7-12) - The Commission dispatched agent Brian Rinehart to investigate an assault upon a high school in Antigo, Wisconsin by a giant robot, but afforded him and his men few resources to do their work. Rinehart and his men eventually learned that a Sentinel was responsible, and Rinehart came to realize that the teenager Juston Seyfert had been controlling it. Rinehart died battling the Sentinel when it recognized him as a mutant, but it was later taken out of the CSA's custody by Juston.

(Sentinel II#5 - BTS) - After two Sentinels fought each other in Antigo, the CSA analyzed the aftermath of the battle, but did not connect it to the earlier incident at the high school. Agent Walsh remained on the case in Antigo.

(New Thunderbolts#5) - The Commission released a copy of Abner Jenkins' Beetle armor from storage and sent it remote to Jenkins to assist him against Fathom Five.

(New Thunderbolts#13 (fb)) - The CSA sent Dallas Riordan as an agent to the Thunderbolts headquarters to enlist them in an assignment against the Avengers, whom the CSA wanted to be able to monitor. While there, Dallas secretly released microscopic bugging devices created by Hank Pym. While the Thunderbolts drew out the Avengers as a diversion, Joystick broke into the Avengers Tower to release more bugging devices, only to find Spider-Woman (Jessica Drew) was still there.

(New Thunderbolts#13) - The CSA, including Gyrich, Riordan, watched Joystick and Spider-Woman battle at Avengers Tower, alongside Hank Pym and Warbird.

(New Thunderbolts#14) - The Thunderbolts won their fight against the Avengers, while Hank Pym bugged the Baxter Building so that the CSA could monitor the Fantastic Four as well. Although the CSA's agents were all uncertain of whether they were doing the right thing, their ally, Baron Helmut Zemo, assured them that he would save the world.

(New Thunderbolts#15) - The CSA brought in Alice Nugent to study the Power Prism of Dr. Spectrum, but Nugent stole the Power Prism for herself, becoming the new Dr. Spectrum. Meanwhile, Atlas visited Dallas at CSA headquarters, and she showed him how Smuggler had died.

(Thunderbolts II#100 (fb)) - At CSA headquarters in Washington, while they kept tabs on Cable, the Thunderbolts and Warbird, Dallas and Gyrich argued over whether they could continue to trust Zemo, especially now that they had no one in their employ who could oppose his current power level.

(Cable and Deadpool#26 - BTS) - The Black Box accessed CSA files to analyze a sphinx in the possession of Apocalypse. According to the CSA files, the sphinx comprised multiple extraterrestrial technologies, including Skrull and Badoon.

(Thunderbolts II#102) - Riordan and Gyrich held a meeting with MACH-4 and Zemo, and learned about the superhuman registration act that was on the verge of being enforced.

(Thunderbolts II#103) - Riordan and Gyrich invited Iron Man, Mr. Fantastic and Yellowjacket to a meeting at their base with Baron Zemo, the Fixer, MACH-4 and Radioactive Man, in which the Thunderbolts were requested to begin capturing super-villains and preparing them to serve the U.S. government.

(Thunderbolts II#104) - Riordan and Gyrich held a meeting in the operations theatre of the CSA before top politicians and representatives to brief them on Operation: Justice Like Lightning which the Thunderbolts were spearheading. They explained the contingency plans they had in place in case Zemo or any of the Thunderbolts should turn on them.

(Thunderbolts II#105) - Dallas met with Songbird to arrange what the CSA's position on the Thunderbolts will be once Songbird had her confrontation with Zemo over his mission to stop the Grandmaster.

(Cable and Deadpool#30) - Agent Hafner, CSA agent with jurisdiction over superhuman activity in Wisconsin, Minnesota and the Dakotas, recruited Deadpool as a bounty hunter for the CSA to track down superhumans avoiding registration. Deadpool accepted the job because it involved hurting people.

(Thunderbolts II#109) - In the aftermath of the Thunderbolts' showdown with the Grandmaster over the Wellspring, the CSA took Joystick into their custody for her betrayal of the team. They also helped treat Songbird and Moonstone as they were in a semi-comatose state. Dallas Riordan offered work to the Fixer and MACH-4 with the CSA.

(Iron Man IV#23) - The Commission, with Sikorski as commissioner, held a hearing on the strange death of Graviton with Iron Man coming under fire from Norman Osborn over the recent deaths of two Initiative members, Gadget and Paragon. Later, in a closed-room session, Secretary of Defense Jack Kooning and SHIELD commander Maria Hill confronted the CSA with evidence that Iron Man was experiencing mental instability. The CSA had Doc Samson relieve Iron Man of duty for the time being.

(Iron Man IV#27-28) - The Commission brought Tony Stark up on charges for challenging their authority and what appeared to be the continuation of his mental deterioration. When the CSA finally announced that Stark would be placed in federal custody, Dum Dum Dugan intervened and arranged for Stark's escape while Maria Hill used SHIELD's forces to impose temporary martial law. SHIELD was able to hold out long enough for Iron Man to expose the Mandarin's plot and defeat him, restoring Stark's good standing with the CSA.

Comments: Created by Mark Gruenwald, Paul Neary and Vince Colletta.

    There may be additional appearances by Gyrich and Cooper in which they act on the part of the CSA, but I'm only listing those stories where the CSA are clearly involved. After all, Cooper and Gyrich seem to sit in on every boardroom meeting in Washington.

    The entry for the Commission in the Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe Update '89#2 revealed that the Commission had actively sought the creation of Freedom Force to replace the Avengers, and this information is supported in Captain America I#332. This is why this profile includes Freedom Force missions sanctioned by the CSA.

    Although X-Factor took Freedom Force's place as the government's official super-hero team, and was also affiliated with Dr. Valerie Cooper, it's unclear whether Cooper's involvement was on behalf of the CSA (besides, if it was this profile would be 3 times as large!).

    When Captain America first met the Commission, he identified the heads of the FBI and CIA amongst their members. Perhaps George Mathers is the head of one of those organizations?

    Unidentified members of the Commission appear in Captain America I#335, 345, 347, 352, Nomad I#1-3, New Warriors I#29-30, Fantastic Four III#27, Gambit III#17 and Maximum Security#1.

I swear I have a Mr. Yates somewhere? Maybe from the OHotMU entry?
--Snood

Jeremy Johnston had the answer: I was going through my copy of Captain America I#333 and I saw where you got it. On page 2, Val Cooper starts out by saying, "Might I interject Mr. Yates." It was when they were deciding who the replacement for Captain America should be. He's not shown at all, but judging by the fact that Val is interrupting him, he must be the speaker of the last word balloon on the previous page. The one who can't believe Steve Rogers's audacity at turning in the costume and shield of Cap instead of working for the Commission.

by Prime Eternal

CLARIFICATIONS:
The Commission on Superhuman Activities should not be confused with:

• Commissar, robot, served rulers of Sin-Cong, @ Avengers I#18
• Comittee, Smasher's organization, @ Daredevil I#74
• The Committee, enemies of the Werewolf and Moon Knight, @ Werewolf By Night I#9
• Committee to Regain America's Principles, branch of the Secret Empire, @ Captain America I#169
• Committee for Free Emigration, enemies of Red Guardian, @ Defenders I#40